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GOPASTAMI On this day lord Sri Krishna became a qualified cowherd. Before this day, he was a keeper of the calves. ​ The Killing of Dhenukasura: ​ “Thus Sri Krishna, along with His elder brother Balarama, passed the childhood age known as kaumara and stepped into the age of pauganda, from the sixth year up to the tenth. At that time, all the cowherd men conferred and agreed to give those boys who had passed their fifth year charge of the cows in the pasturing ground. Given charge of the cows, Krishna and Balarama traversed Vrindavana, purifying the land with Their lotus footprints.” ​ It is stated in the Kārttika-māhātmya section of the Padma Purāṇa: śuklāṣṭamī kārttike tu smṛtā gopāṣṭamī budhaiḥ tad-dinād vāsudevo ‘bhūd gopaḥ pūrvaṁ tu vatsapaḥ ​ “The eighth lunar day of the bright fortnight of the month of Kārttika is known by authorities as Gopāṣṭamī. From that day, Lord Vāsudeva served as a cowherd, whereas previously He had tended the calves.” ​ The word padaiḥ indicates that Lord Kṛṣṇa blessed the earth by walking on her surface with His lotus feet. The Lord wore no shoes or other footgear but walked barefoot in the forest, giving great anxiety to the girls of Vṛndāvana, who feared that His soft lotus feet would be injured. Krsna said at that time that the cows are worshiped even by the demigods, and He practically demonstrated how to protect the cows. At least people who are in Krsna consciousness should follow in His footsteps and give all protection to the cows. Cows are worshiped not only by the demigods. Krsna Himself worshiped the cows on several occasions, especially on the days of Gopastami and Govardhana-puja.

YOGINI EKADASHI English युधिष्ठिर ने पूछा : वासुदेव ! आषाढ़ के कृष्णपक्ष में जो एकादशी होती है, उसका क्या नाम है? कृपया उसका वर्णन कीजिये । भगवान श्रीकृष्ण बोले : नृपश्रेष्ठ ! आषाढ़ (गुजरात महाराष्ट्र के अनुसार ज्येष्ठ ) के कृष्णपक्ष की एकादशी का नाम ‘योगिनी’ है। यह बड़े बडे पातकों का नाश करनेवाली है। संसारसागर में डूबे हुए प्राणियों के लिए यह सनातन नौका के समान है । अलकापुरी के राजाधिराज कुबेर सदा भगवान शिव की भक्ति में तत्पर रहनेवाले हैं । उनका ‘हेममाली’ नामक एक यक्ष सेवक था, जो पूजा के लिए फूल लाया करता था । हेममाली की पत्नी का नाम ‘विशालाक्षी’ था । वह यक्ष कामपाश में आबद्ध होकर सदा अपनी पत्नी में आसक्त रहता था । एक दिन हेममाली मानसरोवर से फूल लाकर अपने घर में ही ठहर गया और पत्नी के प्रेमपाश में खोया रह गया, अत: कुबेर के भवन में न जा सका । इधर कुबेर मन्दिर में बैठकर शिव का पूजन कर रहे थे । उन्होंने दोपहर तक फूल आने की प्रतीक्षा की । जब पूजा का समय व्यतीत हो गया तो यक्षराज ने कुपित होकर सेवकों से कहा : ‘यक्षों ! दुरात्मा हेममाली क्यों नहीं आ रहा है ?’ यक्षों ने कहा: राजन् ! वह तो पत्नी की कामना में आसक्त हो घर में ही रमण कर रहा है । यह सुनकर कुबेर क्रोध से भर गये और तुरन्त ही हेममाली को बुलवाया । वह आकर कुबेर के सामने खड़ा हो गया । उसे देखकर कुबेर बोले : ‘ओ पापी ! अरे दुष्ट ! ओ दुराचारी ! तूने भगवान की अवहेलना की है, अत: कोढ़ से युक्त और अपनी उस प्रियतमा से वियुक्त होकर इस स्थान से भ्रष्ट होकर अन्यत्र चला जा ।’ कुबेर के ऐसा कहने पर वह उस स्थान से नीचे गिर गया । कोढ़ से सारा शरीर पीड़ित था परन्तु शिव पूजा के प्रभाव से उसकी स्मरणशक्ति लुप्त नहीं हुई । तदनन्तर वह पर्वतों में श्रेष्ठ मेरुगिरि के शिखर पर गया । वहाँ पर मुनिवर मार्कण्डेयजी का उसे दर्शन हुआ । पापकर्मा यक्ष ने मुनि के चरणों में प्रणाम किया । मुनिवर मार्कण्डेय ने उसे भय से काँपते देख कहा : ‘तुझे कोढ़ के रोग ने कैसे दबा लिया ?’ यक्ष बोला : मुने ! मैं कुबेर का अनुचर हेममाली हूँ । मैं प्रतिदिन मानसरोवर से फूल लाकर शिव पूजा के समय कुबेर को दिया करता था । एक दिन पत्नी सहवास के सुख में फँस जाने के कारण मुझे समय का ज्ञान ही नहीं रहा, अत: राजाधिराज कुबेर ने कुपित होकर मुझे शाप दे दिया, जिससे मैं कोढ़ से आक्रान्त होकर अपनी प्रियतमा से बिछुड़ गया । मुनिश्रेष्ठ ! संतों का चित्त स्वभावत: परोपकार में लगा रहता है, यह जानकर मुझ अपराधी को कर्त्तव्य का उपदेश दीजिये । मार्कण्डेयजी ने कहा: तुमने यहाँ सच्ची बात कही है, इसलिए मैं तुम्हें कल्याणप्रद व्रत का उपदेश करता हूँ । तुम आषाढ़ मास के कृष्णपक्ष की ‘योगिनी एकादशी’ का व्रत करो । इस व्रत के पुण्य से तुम्हारा कोढ़ निश्चय ही दूर हो जायेगा । भगवान श्रीकृष्ण कहते हैं: राजन् ! मार्कण्डेयजी के उपदेश से उसने ‘योगिनी एकादशी’ का व्रत किया, जिससे उसके शरीर को कोढ़ दूर हो गया । उस उत्तम व्रत का अनुष्ठान करने पर वह पूर्ण सुखी हो गया । नृपश्रेष्ठ ! यह ‘योगिनी’ का व्रत ऐसा पुण्यशाली है कि अठ्ठासी हजार ब्राह्मणों को भोजन कराने से जो फल मिलता है, वही फल ‘योगिनी एकादशी’ का व्रत करनेवाले मनुष्य को मिलता है । ‘योगिनी’ महान पापों को शान्त करनेवाली और महान पुण्य फल देनेवाली है । इस माहात्म्य को पढ़ने और सुनने से मनुष्य सब पापों से मुक्त हो जाता है । Yudhishthira Maharaj said, "Oh Supreme Lord, I have heard the glories of the Nirjala Ekadashi, which occurs during the light fortnight of the month of Jyeshtha (May - June). Now I wish to hear from You about the Suddha Ekadashi that occurs during the dark fortnight of the month of Ashadha (June - July). Kindly describe to me all about it in detail, Oh killer of the Madhu demon (Madhusudana)." The Supreme Lord, Shri Krishna, then replied, "Oh king, I shall indeed tell you about the best of all fasting days, the Ekadashi that comes during the dark part of the month of Ashadha. Famous as Yogini Ekadashi, it removes all kinds of sinful reactions and awards supreme liberation. Oh best of kings, this Ekadashi delivers people who are drowning in the vast ocean of material existence and transports them to the shore of the spiritual world. In all the three worlds, it is the chief of all sacred fasting days. I shall now reveal this truth to you by narrating a history recounted in the Puranas. The king of Alakapuri - Kuvera, the treasurer of the devas (demigods) - was a steadfast devotee of lord Shiva. He employed a servant named Hemamali as his personal gardener. Hemamali, a Yaksha like Kuvera, was very lustfully attracted to his gorgeous wife, Swarupavatii, who had large, enchanting eyes. Hemamali's daily duty was to visit Manasarovara Lake and bring back flowers for his master, Kuvera, with which he would use them in the puja offerings to lord Shiva. One day, after picking the flowers, Hemamali went to his wife instead of returning directly to his master and fulfilling his duty by bringing the flowers for the puja. Absorbed in loving affairs of a bodily nature with his wife, he forgot to return to the abode of Kuvera. Oh king, while Hemamali was enjoying with his wife, Kuvera had begun the worship of lord Shiva as normal in his palace and soon discovered that there were no flowers ready to be offered in the midday puja. The lack of such an important item (upachara) angered the great Koshad-yaksha (treasurer of the devas) even more, and he asked a Yaksha messenger, "Why has dirty-hearted Hemamali not come with the daily offering of flowers? Go find out the exact reason and report back to me in person with your findings." The Yaksha returned and told Kuvera, "Oh dear lord, Hemamali has become lost in freely enjoying coitus with his wife." Kuvera became extremely angry when he heard this and at once summoned lowly Hemamali before him. Knowing that he had been remiss and dawdling in his duty and exposed as meditating on his wife's body, Hemamali approached his master in great fear. The gardener first paid his obeisances and then stood before his lord, whose eyes had become red with anger and whose lips trembled in rage. So enraged, Kuvera cried out to Hemamali, "Oh you sinful rascal! Oh destroyer of religious principles! You are a walking offense to the devas! I therefore curse you to suffer from white leprosy and to become separated from your beloved wife! Only great suffering is deservedly yours! Oh lowborn fool, leave this place immediately and betake yourself to the lower planets to suffer!" And so Hemamali fell at once from grace in Alakapuri and became ill with the terrible affliction of white leprosy. He awoke in a dense and fearful forest, where there was nothing to eat or drink. Thus he passed his days in misery, unable to sleep at night due to pain. He suffered in both winter and summer season, but because he continued to worship lord Shiva himself with faith, his consciousness remained purely fixed and steady. Although implicated by great sin and its attendant reactions, he remembered his past life because of his piety. After wandering for some time here and there, over mountains and across plains, Hemamali eventually came upon the vast expanse of the Himalayan mountain ranges. There he had the wonderful good fortune to come in contact with the great saintly soul Markandeya Rishi, the best of ascetics, whose duration of life it is said, extends to seven of the days of Brahma. Markandeya Rishi was seated peacefully at his Ashrama, looking as effulgent as a second Brahma. Hemamali, feeling very sinful, stood at a distance from the magnificent sage and offered his humble obeisances and choice prayers. Always interested in the welfare of others, Markandeya Rishi saw the leper and called him near, "Oh you, what sort of sinful deeds have you done to earn this dreadful affliction?" Hearing this, Hemamali painfully and ashamed replied, "Dear sir, I am a Yaksha servant of lord Kuvera, and my name is Hemamali. It was my daily service to pick the flowers from the Manasarovara lake for my master's worship of lord Shiva, but one day I was negligent and was late in returning with the offering because I had become overwhelmed with lusty passion for enjoying bodily pleasures with my wife. When my master discovered why I was late, he cursed me in great anger to be as I am before you. Thus I am now bereft of my home, my wife, and my service. But fortunately I have come upon you, and now I hope to receive from you an auspicious benediction, for I know that devotees such as you are as merciful as the Supreme Lord (Bhakta Vatsala) and always carry the interest of others uppermost in their hearts. That is their - your nature. Oh best of sages, please help me!" Softhearted Markandeya Rishi replied, "Because you have told me the truth, I shall tell you about a fast day that will benefit you greatly. If you fast on the Ekadashi that comes during the dark fortnight of the month of Ashadha, you will surely be freed of this terrible curse." Hemamali fell to the ground in complete gratitude and offered him his humble obeisances again and again. But Markandeya Rishi stood there and lifted poor Hemamali to his feet, filling him with inexpressible happiness. Thus, as the sage had instructed him, Hemamali dutifully observed the Ekadashi fast, and by its influence he again became a handsome Yaksha. Then he returned home, where he lived very happily with his wife." Lord Shri Krishna concluded, "So, you can readily see, Oh Yudhishthira that fasting on Yogini Ekadashi is very powerful and auspicious. Whatever merit one obtains by feeding eighty-eight thousand brahmins is also obtained simply by observing a strict fast on Yogini Ekadashi. For one who fasts on this sacred Ekadashi, she (Ekadashi Devi), destroys heaps of past sinful reactions and makes him most pious. Oh King, thus I have explained to you the purity of Yogini Ekadashi." Thus ends the narration of the glories of Ashadha-krishna Ekadashii, or Yogini Ekadashi, from the Brahma-vaivarta Purana. YOGINI EKADASHI English

PANDAVA EKADASHI English युधिष्ठिर ने कहा: जनार्दन ! ज्येष्ठ मास के शुक्लपक्ष में जो एकादशी पड़ती हो, कृपया उसका वर्णन कीजिये । भगवान श्रीकृष्ण बोले: राजन् ! इसका वर्णन परम धर्मात्मा सत्यवतीनन्दन व्यासजी करेंगे, क्योंकि ये सम्पूर्ण शास्त्रों के तत्त्वज्ञ और वेद वेदांगों के पारंगत विद्वान हैं । तब वेदव्यासजी कहने लगे: दोनों ही पक्षों की एकादशियों के दिन भोजन न करे । द्वादशी के दिन स्नान आदि से पवित्र हो फूलों से भगवान केशव की पूजा करे । फिर नित्य कर्म समाप्त होने के पश्चात् पहलेब्राह्मणों को भोजन देकर अन्त में स्वयं भोजन करे । राजन् ! जननाशौच और मरणाशौच में भी एकादशी को भोजन नहीं करना चाहिए । यह सुनकर भीमसेन बोले: परम बुद्धिमान पितामह ! मेरी उत्तम बात सुनिये । राजा युधिष्ठिर, माता कुन्ती, द्रौपदी, अर्जुन, नकुल और सहदेव ये एकादशी को कभी भोजन नहीं करते तथा मुझसे भी हमेशा यहीकहते हैं कि : ‘भीमसेन ! तुम भी एकादशी को न खाया करो…’ किन्तु मैं उन लोगों से यही कहता हूँ कि मुझसे भूख नहीं सही जायेगी । भीमसेन की बात सुनकर व्यासजी ने कहा : यदि तुम्हें स्वर्गलोक की प्राप्ति अभीष्ट है और नरक को दूषित समझते हो तो दोनों पक्षों की एकादशीयों के दिन भोजन न करना । भीमसेन बोले : महाबुद्धिमान पितामह ! मैं आपके सामने सच्ची बात कहता हूँ । एक बार भोजन करके भी मुझसे व्रत नहीं किया जा सकता, फिर उपवास करके तो मैं रह ही कैसे सकता हूँ? मेरे उदर में वृकनामक अग्नि सदा प्रज्वलित रहती है, अत: जब मैं बहुत अधिक खाता हूँ, तभी यह शांत होती है । इसलिए महामुने ! मैं वर्षभर में केवल एक ही उपवास कर सकता हूँ । जिससे स्वर्ग की प्राप्ति सुलभ हो तथाजिसके करने से मैं कल्याण का भागी हो सकूँ, ऐसा कोई एक व्रत निश्चय करके बताइये । मैं उसका यथोचित रुप से पालन करुँगा । व्यासजी ने कहा: भीम ! ज्येष्ठ मास में सूर्य वृष राशि पर हो या मिथुन राशि पर, शुक्लपक्ष में जो एकादशी हो, उसका यत्नपूर्वक निर्जल व्रत करो । केवल कुल्ला या आचमन करने के लिए मुख में जल डालसकते हो, उसको छोड़कर किसी प्रकार का जल विद्वान पुरुष मुख में न डाले, अन्यथा व्रत भंग हो जाता है । एकादशी को सूर्योदय से लेकर दूसरे दिन के सूर्योदय तक मनुष्य जल का त्याग करे तो यह व्रत पूर्णहोता है । तदनन्तर द्वादशी को प्रभातकाल में स्नान करके ब्राह्मणों को विधिपूर्वक जल और सुवर्ण का दान करे । इस प्रकार सब कार्य पूरा करके जितेन्द्रिय पुरुष ब्राह्मणों के साथ भोजन करे । वर्षभर में जितनीएकादशीयाँ होती हैं, उन सबका फल निर्जला एकादशी के सेवन से मनुष्य प्राप्त कर लेता है, इसमें तनिक भी सन्देह नहीं है । शंख, चक्र और गदा धारण करनेवाले भगवान केशव ने मुझसे कहा था कि: ‘यदि मानवसबको छोड़कर एकमात्र मेरी शरण में आ जाय और एकादशी को निराहार रहे तो वह सब पापों से छूट जाता है ।’ एकादशी व्रत करनेवाले पुरुष के पास विशालकाय, विकराल आकृति और काले रंगवाले दण्ड पाशधारी भयंकर यमदूत नहीं जाते । अंतकाल में पीताम्बरधारी, सौम्य स्वभाववाले, हाथ में सुदर्शन धारण करनेवालेऔर मन के समान वेगशाली विष्णुदूत आखिर इस वैष्णव पुरुष को भगवान विष्णु के धाम में ले जाते हैं । अत: निर्जला एकादशी को पूर्ण यत्न करके उपवास और श्रीहरि का पूजन करो । स्त्री हो या पुरुष, यदिउसने मेरु पर्वत के बराबर भी महान पाप किया हो तो वह सब इस एकादशी व्रत के प्रभाव से भस्म हो जाता है । जो मनुष्य उस दिन जल के नियम का पालन करता है, वह पुण्य का भागी होता है । उसे एक-एकप्रहर में कोटि-कोटि स्वर्णमुद्रा दान करने का फल प्राप्त होता सुना गया है । मनुष्य निर्जला एकादशी के दिन स्नान, दान, जप, होम आदि जो कुछ भी करता है, वह सब अक्षय होता है, यह भगवान श्रीकृष्ण काकथन है । निर्जला एकादशी को विधिपूर्वक उत्तम रीति से उपवास करके मानव वैष्णवपद को प्राप्त कर लेता है । जो मनुष्य एकादशी के दिन अन्न खाता है, वह पाप का भोजन करता है । इस लोक में वह चाण्डालके समान है और मरने पर दुर्गति को प्राप्त होता है । जो ज्येष्ठ के शुक्लपक्ष में एकादशी को उपवास करके दान करेंगे, वे परम पद को प्राप्त होंगे । जिन्होंने एकादशी को उपवास किया है, वे ब्रह्महत्यारे, शराबी, चोर तथा गुरुद्रोही होने पर भी सब पातकों से मुक्त हो जातेहैं । कुन्तीनन्दन ! ‘निर्जला एकादशी’ के दिन श्रद्धालु स्त्री पुरुषों के लिए जो विशेष दान और कर्त्तव्य विहित हैं, उन्हें सुनो: उस दिन जल में शयन करनेवाले भगवान विष्णु का पूजन और जलमयी धेनु का दान करनाचाहिए अथवा प्रत्यक्ष धेनु या घृतमयी धेनु का दान उचित है । पर्याप्त दक्षिणा और भाँति-भाँति के मिष्ठान्नों द्वारा यत्नपूर्वक ब्राह्मणों को सन्तुष्ट करना चाहिए । ऐसा करने से ब्राह्मण अवश्य संतुष्ट होते हैं और उनकेसंतुष्ट होने पर श्रीहरि मोक्ष प्रदान करते हैं । जिन्होंने शम, दम, और दान में प्रवृत हो श्रीहरि की पूजा और रात्रि में जागरण करते हुए इस ‘निर्जला एकादशी’ का व्रत किया है, उन्होंने अपने साथ ही बीती हुई सौपीढ़ियों को और आनेवाली सौ पीढ़ियों को भगवान वासुदेव के परम धाम में पहुँचा दिया है । निर्जला एकादशी के दिन अन्न, वस्त्र, गौ, जल, शैय्या, सुन्दर आसन, कमण्डलु तथा छाता दान करने चाहिए । जो श्रेष्ठतथा सुपात्र ब्राह्मण को जूता दान करता है, वह सोने के विमान पर बैठकर स्वर्गलोक में प्रतिष्ठित होता है । जो इस एकादशी की महिमा को भक्तिपूर्वक सुनता अथवा उसका वर्णन करता है, वह स्वर्गलोक में जाताहै । चतुर्दशीयुक्त अमावस्या को सूर्यग्रहण के समय श्राद्ध करके मनुष्य जिस फल को प्राप्त करता है, वही फल इसके श्रवण से भी प्राप्त होता है । पहले दन्तधावन करके यह नियम लेना चाहिए कि : ‘मैं भगवानकेशव की प्रसन्न्ता के लिए एकादशी को निराहार रहकर आचमन के सिवा दूसरे जल का भी त्याग करुँगा ।’ द्वादशी को देवेश्वर भगवान विष्णु का पूजन करना चाहिए । गन्ध, धूप, पुष्प और सुन्दर वस्त्र सेविधिपूर्वक पूजन करके जल के घड़े के दान का संकल्प करते हुए निम्नांकित मंत्र का उच्चारण करे : देवदेव ह्रषीकेश संसारार्णवतारक । उदकुम्भप्रदानेन नय मां परमां गतिम्॥ ‘संसारसागर से तारनेवाले हे देवदेव ह्रषीकेश ! इस जल के घड़े का दान करने से आप मुझे परम गति की प्राप्ति कराइये ।’ भीमसेन ! ज्येष्ठ मास में शुक्लपक्ष की जो शुभ एकादशी होती है, उसका निर्जल व्रत करना चाहिए । उस दिन श्रेष्ठ ब्राह्मणों को शक्कर के साथ जल के घड़े दान करने चाहिए । ऐसा करने से मनुष्य भगवान विष्णुके समीप पहुँचकर आनन्द का अनुभव करता है । तत्पश्चात् द्वादशी को ब्राह्मण भोजन कराने के बाद स्वयं भोजन करे । जो इस प्रकार पूर्ण रुप से पापनाशिनी एकादशी का व्रत करता है, वह सब पापों से मुक्त होआनंदमय पद को प्राप्त होता है । यह सुनकर भीमसेन ने भी इस शुभ एकादशी का व्रत आरम्भ कर दिया । तबसे यह लोक मे ‘पाण्डव द्वादशी’ के नाम से विख्यात हुई । The Story of Pandava Nirjala Ekadashi: Once Bhimasena, the younger brother of Maharaja Yudhishthira, asked the great sage Shrila Vyasadeva, the grandfather of the Pandavas, if it is possible to return to the spiritual world without having observed all the rules and regulations of the Ekadashi fasts. Bhimasena then spoke as follows, "Oh greatly intelligent and learned grandfather, my brother Yudhishthira, my dear mother Kunti, and my beloved wife Draupadi, as well as Arjuna, Nakula and Sahadeva, fast completely on each Ekadashi and strictly follow all the rules, guidelines and regulative injunctions of that sacred day. Being very religious, they always tell me that I should also fast on that day too. But, Oh learned grandfather, I tell them that I cannot live without eating, because as the son of Vayudeva - Samanaprana, (the digestive air) hunger is unbearable to me. I can give widely in charity and worship Lord Keshava properly with all manner of wonderful upacharas (items), but I cannot be asked to fast on Ekadashi. Please tell me how I can obtain the same merits result without fasting." Hearing these words, the grandsire of Bhima, Shrila Vyasadeva said, "If you want to go to the heavenly planets and avoid the hellish planets, you should indeed observe a fast on both the light and dark Ekadashis." Bhima replied, "Oh great saintly intelligent grandfather, please listen to my plea. Oh greatest of munis, since I cannot live if I eat only once in a day, how can I possibly live if I fast completely? Within my stomach burns a special fire named Vrika, the fire of digestion. Agni the fire-god, descends from Lord Vishnu through Brahma, from Brahma to Angirasa, from Angirasa to Brihaspathi, and from Brihaspathi to Samyu, who was Agni's father. He is the gatekeeper in charge of Nairritti, the south-eastern direction. He is one of the eight material elements, and Parikshit Maharaja, he is very expert at examining things. He examined Maharaja Shibi once by turning into a dove. (for further information on this incident see Shrila A.C. Bhaktivedanta Swami Prabhupada's Shrimad Bhagavatam commentary to 1:12:20. Purport.) Agni is divided into three categories; Davagni, the fire in wood, Jatharagni, the fire in the digestion in the stomach, and Vadavagni, the fire that creates fog when hot and cold streams mix in for example the ocean. Another name for the fire of digestion is Vrika. It is this powerful fire that resided in Bhima's stomach. Only when I eat to my full satisfaction does the fire in my stomach become satisfied. Oh great sage, I might possibly be able to fast only once, so I beg that you tell me of an Ekadashi that is worthy of my fasting and that includes all other Ekadashis. I shall faithfully observe that fast and hopefully still become eligible for liberation's release." Shrila Vyasadeva replied, "Oh king, you have heard from me about the various kinds of occupational duties, such as elaborate Vedic ceremonies and pujas. In the Kali-yuga, however, no one will be able to observe all these occupational & functional duties properly. I shall therefore tell you how, at practically no expense, one can endure some small austerity and achieve the greatest benefit and resultant happiness. The essence of what is written in the Vedic literatures known as the Puranas is that one should not eat on either the dark or light fortnight Ekadashis." As stated in Shrimad Bhagavatam (Mahabhagavat Puranam) 12:13:12 and 15, the Bhagavat Puranam is itself the essence or cream of all Vedanta philosophy (sara-vedanta-saram), and the Shrimad Bhagavatam's unequivocal message is that of full surrender to Lord Shri Krishna and the rendering of loving devotional service to Him. Observing Ekadashi strictly is a great aid in that process, and here Shrila Vyasadeva is simply stressing to Bhima the importance of the Ekadashi vratam. "One who fasts on Ekadashis saved from going to the hellish planets." Hearing Shrila Vyasadeva's words, the son of Vayu, Bhimasena, the strongest of all warriors, became frightened and began to shake like a leaf on a banyan tree in a strong wind. The frightened Bhimasena then said, "Oh grandfather, what should I do? I am completely unable and ill equipped to fast twice in a month throughout the year! Please tell me of the one fasting day that will bestow the greatest benefit upon me!" Vyasadeva replied, "Without drinking even water, you should fast on the Ekadashi that occurs during the light fortnight of the month of Jyeshtha (May-June) when the sun travels in the sign of Taurus (Vrishabh) and Gemini (Mithun), According to learned personalities, on this day one may bathe and perform Achamana for pratiprokshana purification. But while performing Achamana one may drink only that amount of water equal to a drop of gold, or that amount it takes to immerse a single mustard seed. Only this amount of water should be placed in the right palm for sipping, which one should form to resemble a cow's ear. If one drinks more water than this, he might as well have drunk wine despite the soaring heat of summer (in the northern hemisphere and cold in the southern hemisphere). One must certainly not eat anything, for if he does so he breaks his fast. This rigid fast is in effect from sunrise on the Ekadashi day to sunrise on the Dwadashi day. If a person endeavours to observe this great fast very strictly, he easily achieves the result of observing all twenty-four other Ekadashi fasts throughout the entire year. On Dwadashi the devotee should bathe early in the morning. Then, according to the prescribed rules, guidelines and regulative injunctions, and of course depending on his ability, he should give some gold and water to worthy brahmanas. Finally, he should cheerfully honour prasadam with a branmana. Oh Bhimasena, one who can fast on this special Ekadashi in this manner reaps the benefit of having fasted on every Ekadashi during the year. There is no doubt of this, nor should there be. Oh Bhima, now hear the specific merit one gets by fasting on this Ekadashi. The Supreme Lord Keshava, who holds a conch, discus, club and lotus, personally told me, `Everyone should take shelter of Me and follow My instructions.' Then He told me that one who fasts on this Ekadashi, without taking even drinking water or eating, becomes free of all sinful reactions, and that one who observes the difficult nirjalafast on Jyeshtha-shukla Ekadashi truly reaps the benefit of all other Ekadashi fasts. Oh Bhimasena, in the Kali-yuga, the age of quarrel and hypocrisy, when all the principles of the Vedas will have been destroyed or greatly minimised, and when there will be no proper charity or observance of the ancient Vedik principles and ceremonies, how will there be any means of purifying the self? But there is the opportunity to fast on Ekadashi and become free of all one's past sins. Oh son of Vayu, what more can I say to you? You should not eat during the Ekadashis that occur during the dark and light fortnights, and you should even give up drinking water (nir = no jala= water) on the particularly auspicious Ekadashi day of Jyeshtha-shukla Ekadashi. Oh Vrikodara (voracious eater), whoever fasts on this Ekadashi receives the merits of bathing in all the places of pilgrimage, giving all kinds of charities to worthy persons, and fasting on all the dark and light Ekadashis throughout the year, in one go. Of this there is no doubt. Oh tiger among men, whoever fasts on this Ekadashi truly becomes a great person and achieves all manner of opulence and wealth, grains, strength, and health. And at the fearful moment of death, the terrible Yamadutas, whose complexions are yellow and black and who brandish huge maces and twirl mystic pasha ropes in the air for binding their victims, will refuse to approach him. Rather, such a faithful soul will at once be taken to the supreme abode of Lord Vishnu by the Vishnu-dutas, whose transcendentally beautiful forms are clothed in gorgeous yellowish garments and who each hold a disk, club, conch and lotus in their four hands, resembling Lord Vishnu. It is to gain all these benefits that one should certainly fast on this very auspicious and important Ekadashi, even from water." When the other Pandavas heard about the benefits to be gained by following Jyeshtha-Shukla Ekadashi, they resolved to observe it exactly as their grandfather Shrila Vyasadeva had explained it to their brother, Bhimasena. All the Pandavas observed it by refraining from eating or drinking anything, and thus this day is also known as Pandava Nirjala Dvadashi (technically it is a Maha-Dvadashi). Shrila Vyasadeva continued, "Oh Bhimasen, therefore you should observe this important fast to remove all your past sinful reactions. You should pray to the Supreme Personality of Godhead, Lord Shri Krishna in this way making your sankalpa declaration, "Oh Lord of all the devas (demigods), Oh Supreme Personality of Godhead, today I shall observe Ekadashi without taking any water. Oh unlimited Anantadev, I shall break fast on the next day, Dwadashi." Thereafter, to remove all his sins, the devotee should honour this Ekadashi fast with full faith in the Lord and with full control over his senses. Whether his sins are equal in volume to Mount Sumeru or to Mandarachala Hill, if he or she observes this Ekadashi, the sins that have been accumulated all become nullified and are burned to ashes. Such is the great power of this Ekadashi. Oh best of human beings, although a person should also give water and cows in charity during this Ekadashi, if for some reason or other he cannot, then he should give a qualified brahmana some cloth or a pot filled with water. Indeed, the merit achieved by giving water alone equals that gained by giving gold ten million times a day. Oh Bhima, Lord Shri Krishna has said that whoever observes this Ekadashi should take a Holy bath, give charity to a worthy person, chant the Lord's Holy names on a japa-mala, and perform some kind of recommended sacrifice, for by doing these things on this day one receives imperishable benefits. There is no need to perform any other kind of religious duty. Observance of this Ekadashi fast alone promotes one to the supreme abode of Shri Vishnu. Oh best of the Kurus, if one donates gold, cloth, or anything else on this day, the merit one obtains is imperishable. "Remember, whosoever eats any grains on Ekadashi becomes contaminated by sin and verily eats only sin. In effect, he has already become a dog-eater, and after death he suffers a hellish existence. But he who observes this sacred Jyeshtha-shukla Ekadashi and gives something in charity certainly achieves liberation from the cycle of repeated birth and death and attains to the supreme abode. Observing this Ekadashi, which is merged with Dwadashi, frees one from the horrible sin of killing a brahmana, drinking liquor and wine, becoming envious of one's spiritual master and ignoring his instructions, and continually telling lies. Furthermore, Oh best of beings (Jivottama), any man or woman who observes this fast properly and worships the Supreme Lord Jalshayi (He who sleeps on the water), and who on the next day satisfies a qualified brahmana with nice sweets and a donation of cows and money - such a person certainly pleases the Supreme Lord Vasudeva, so much so that one hundred previous generations in his family undoubtedly go to the Supreme Lord's abode, even though they may have been very sinful, of bad character, and guilty of suicide, etc. Indeed, one who observes this amazing Ekadashi rides on a glorious celestial airplane (vimana) to the Lord's abode. One who on this day gives a brahmana a waterpot, an umbrella, or shoes surely goes to the heavenly planets.Indeed, he who simply hears these glories also attains to the transcendental abode of the Supreme Lord, Shri Vishnu. Whoever performs the Shraddha ceremony to the forefathers on the dark-moon day called amavasya, particularly if it occurs at the time of a solar eclipse undoubtedly achieves great merit. But this same merit is achieved by him who simply hears this sacred narration - so powerful and so dear to the Lord is this Ekadashi. One should clean his teeth properly and, without eating or drinking, observe this Ekadashi to please the Supreme Lord, Keshava. On the day after Ekadashi one should worship the Supreme Personality of Godhead in His form as Trivikrama by offering Him water, flowers, incense, and a brightly burning lamp. Then the devotee should pray from the heart, `Oh God of gods, Oh deliverer of everyone, Oh Hrishikesha, master of the senses, kindly bestow upon me the gift of liberation, though I can offer you nothing greater than this humble pot filled with water.' Then the devotee should donate the waterpot to a brahmana. Oh Bhimasena, after this Ekadashi fast and donating the recommended items according to his ability, the devotee should feed brahmanas and thereafter honour prasadam silently." Shrila Vyasadeva concluded, "I strongly urge you to fast on this auspicious, purifying, sin-devouring Dwadashi in just the way I have outlined. Thus you will be completely freed of all sins and reach the supreme abode." Thus ends the narration of the glories of Jyeshtha-shukla Ekadashi, or Bhimaseni-nirjala Ekadashi, from the Brahma-vaivarta Pura. PANDAVA EKADASHI English

JHULAN YATRA One of the most popular events in the holy town of Vrindavan, India – where Lord Krishna appeared 5,000 years ago – is the celebration of Jhulan Yatra, the Radha-Krishna swing festival. In Vrindavan among the local villagers and inhabitants this festival lasts for 13 days. ​ In Sri Vrindavan for five days, in many of the 5000 temples there, the small Utsav-vighraha functional Deities (Vijay-utsav bera) are taken from the altar and placed on an elaborately decorated swing in the temple room. After receiving the traditional arati worship, the Deities are pushed on Their swing. Each person offers flower petals and personal prayers, and then pushes the swing several times as the other members chant Hare Krishna, Jaya Radhe Jaya Krishna jaya Vrindavan, or Jaya Radhe, Jaya Jaya Madhava dayite in kirtan. The atmosphere of this festival is especially sweet as everyone has the chance to intimately serve Radha and Krishna. ​ The same festival is observed in other parts of India too in this sacred month of Shravana. In our ISKCON temples we observe for five days in accordance with Srila Prabhupada’s instructions. This is a wonderful ceremonial function of Lord Krishna’s pastimes that reflects practically how we are to render service to the Lord for His pleasure. ​ These festivals are not in any way mere rituals, as they all have practical service functionality to invoke loving servitude of the devotees for the Lord. Lord Sri Krishna is the Supreme enjoyer and doesn’t have to work hard like us in this world. Everything He does is pleasurable, and He organises many situation in which He can incorporate us, His separated parts and parcels into His loving service which is our natural condition in the spiritual realm. ​ When Sri Krishna had his pastimes in rural Vrindavan with His cowherd friends together they lovingly tended the cows, and wandered in the pastures playing, frolicking, and feasting. Throughout the various seasons they all continuously enjoyed being part of Sri Krishna’s pastimes, and rendering loving service to Him as best they could. It is a most pleasing and satisfying festival, with the swings often highly decorated with forest creepers, Jasmine (Malati) that has newly blossomed in the season, and streamers of garlands. Sometimes they use a fine spray of rose water and direct it toward the Divine couple of Radha and Krishna on Their swing. ​ On the last day of the Jhulan, on the Purnima (full moon) this comes Lord Balaram’s appearance day festival. Let us participate in this festival and offer our loving devotional service to Sri Krishna and Srimati Radharani.

NARASIMHA CHATURDASHI Appearance Day of Lord Narasimha Living entity looks at all objects in the material world with a vision of what is in it for me. This is called the enjoyer mentality. But the moment it sees Krsna, it wants to sacrifice everything for Him, be the insignificant dust that may be kicked away by His entourage and suffer endlessly for Him. This is the kind of quality Supreme Personality of Godhead Krishna possesses. atmaramas ca munayo, nirgrantha apy urukrame kurvanty ahaitukim bhaktim, ittam-bhuta-guno harih. This is the meaning of Mukunda, as H.G. Nitai Chand Prabhu explained, one who makes even liberation (mukti) look insignificant. ​ That is why when living entities become conscious of Krishna, the world will automatically become spotlessly perfect, just as when sun rises darkness is automatically dispelled. But this response cannot awaken in a person who is attached to anything else of this world, just as one cannot even touch the ocean when one chooses to remain on the shore. Krishna is not an option but He is like the ocean. To know this one must read Srimad Bhagavatam and its higher study Chaitanya Charitamrita. How can one even begin to swim if one leg is still on the shore? brahma-bhutah prasanatma, na socati na kanksati samah sarvesu bhutesu, mad-bhaktim labhate param. Of all attachments of this world, deep rooted consciousness of the opposite gender is the foremost, which cannot leave a person even at old age or death. That is why Srimad Bhagavatam, which describes the science of God, is not meant for the materialists. Unless such a materialist surrenders unto a perfected soul considering himself to be a fool helplessly bound in this material world, lives with such a perfected soul only to serve him leaving this artificial world for good and hears submissively from such a perfected soul, there is no escape. That is also the reason why the foremost devotee Prahlad heard Bhagavatam from ever liberated Narada Muni right while he was in the womb of his mother, where no material attachments can touch him. Thus he perfected his life by finally meeting the Supreme Lord face to face on the day of Narasimha Chaturdashi. ​ Narasimha Chaturdashi has infinite significance in the life of an aspiring devotee. VVNagar temple celebrated this auspicious day by holding a three day special lecture series morning and evening by various senior devotees. H.G.Kadamba Krishna Prabhu started the series on the day of Narasimha Chaturdashi and discussed from Srimad Bhagavatam. He being greatly inspired by H.H.Radha Govind Maharaj, gave various deep technical insights into the pastime. Evening, after the Abhishek ceremony of Lord Narasimhadev, feast lecture was given by H.G.Sundershyam Prabhu who very graphically described the entire pastime of Prahlad and Hiranyakshyapu until appearance of Lord Narsimha Dev and Prahlad’s prayers thereafter. ​ The highlight of this lecture was the various practical lessons from each episode, for eg, how people in various modes react to a devotee, how a child can hear while in the womb, how the most humble is the first to get mercy of the Lord and how Absolute truth is that which does not change with time and place and many others. Next day morning’s Bhagavatam lecture was given by H.G.BalGovind Prabhu who compared the pastime of Prahlad and Hiranyakashyapu to the good and bad tendencies within us and how to overcome them by taking shelter of ferociously beautiful Lord Narasimhadev. Evening H.G.Shri Keshav Prabhu emphasized how one can get mercy of Lord only through mercy of his devotee. H.G.Nitai Chand Prabhu, our temple president, gave a powerful feast lecture on Sunday morning. He has been emphasizing in all his lectures throughout the week about the fact that Srila Prabhupad, our founder acharya followed the example of Prahlad Maharaj and therefore we must also do so. He also emphasized how Prahlad Maharaj perfectly epitomized the mood of a servant of Lord and although this mood is the common underlying foundation of all other rasas, it is most evident in behavior of Sri Prahlad, which is why it is of topmost significance to an aspiring devotee. He then went on to explain some of the teachings of Prahlad Maharaj, especially the fact that one need not work hard for one’s bodily maintenance as with little effort this is easily attained, but people work hard in this world to satisfy their greed. ​ One must start devotional service unto Supreme Lord right in the childhood. He also explained based on Sri Prahlad’s instructions who is the person who is considered to be old. He described two categories of disciples- the shoukra (seminal succession) and shroutra (one who comes by hearing submissively from a guru). He ended the feast lecture by a powerful one hour kirtan before the deities. Evening Lord’s Salila Vihar (water sport) pastime was celebrated where Their Lordships were seated on an ornamented throne in a kunj surrounded with water, mild drizzle and waterfall. H.G. Varadraj Prabhu concluded the lecture series on the same day evening in the midst of thousands of devotees who had assembled to take darshan on a Sunday evening, thus inspiring all to take up pure devotion like Sri Prahlad. ​ One can pray to Lord Narasimha Dev on this auspicious day to guide all of us just like he guided Sri Prahlad to give us association of His pure devotee in whose shelter we may be masterfully guided to finally attain His Divine Lotus Feet.